In a 12-month prospective and randomized study with 69 postmenopausal osteopenic women, the effects of three different training programs on bone density and bone mass, muscle strength, maximal power, pain and well-being were analysed. 20 women took only part in a basic gymnastic program (BG), 26 women performed in addition to this program a resistance training (RG) (60-80 % of the 1-Repetition-Maximum, 1-RM), and 23 women performed the gymnastic program and two additional exercises with a vibration ground plate and a vibration dumb-bell (VG). 56 women have finished the study. Parameters indicating bone mass at spine and bone metabolism have shown no changes in all groups. An areal adaptation was observed at hip in the resistance training group. Women, who participated in the vigorous training groups (RG and VG) produced significant changes in 1-RM leg extension and arm flexion, whereas women who took only part in the basic program (BG) showed only improvements in leg extension. The ergometry resulted in an increase in relative power in the resistance group by unchanged lactate, so that the training may have led to a better work economy and an improvement in aerobic capacity. Participants in BG produced the best results concerning improvements of subjectively perceived well-being and pain. It can be concluded that gymnastic programs are as useful as resistance training regarding subjective parameters such as pain and well-being whereas adaptations in bone size are only seen with resistance training of high intensity.
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In a 12-month prospective and randomized study with 69 postmenopausal osteopenic women, the effects of three different training programs on bone density and bone mass, muscle strength, maximal power, pain and well-being were analysed. 20 women took only part in a basic gymnastic program (BG), 26 women performed in addition to this program a resistance training (RG) (60-80 % of the 1-Repetition-Maximum, 1-RM), and 23 women performed the gymnastic program and two additional exercises with a vibrat...
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