This work deals with the optical recording of cerebellar circuit dynamics from acute brain slices of the cerebellar surface. This preparation preserves the functional connectivity of the cerebellar cortex. It was used to investigate the function of Kv3 potassium channels in the cerebellar granule cell axon. Double knockout mice lacking both Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 potassium channels display severe motor deficits, while mice lacking only Kv3.1 or Kv3.3 do not. Since granule cells express both Kv3.1 and Kv3.3, they were the candidate neuron type to be involved. Optical recording of action potentials from parallel fibers revealed a broadening of the action potential in mice lacking Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 and in mice lacking Kv3.1 and one allele of Kv3.3. The transmission of high-frequency trains of action potentials was impaired in double knockout mice. Parallel fiber conduction velocity was increased in mice lacking 3 or 4 Kv3 alleles. Paired-pulse facilitation at the parallel fiber Purkinje cell was reduced in a gene-dose dependent manner and the induction of metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated potentials facilitated in double knockout mice. Most of the changes were expected from the previously known function of Kv3 channels in other cell types, but some changes were unexpected, such as an increase in conduction velocity. To understand and explain the changes, a compartmental model of the granule cell axon was constructed. The model explained many mechanisms underlying the alterations observed in the experiment, among them why and how parallel fiber conduction velocity was dependent on the density or the expression of Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 potassium channels. The results demonstrate the power of optical imaging methods in investigating cerebellar cortical function and the importance of Kv3 potassium channels in regulating the dynamics of synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse.
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This work deals with the optical recording of cerebellar circuit dynamics from acute brain slices of the cerebellar surface. This preparation preserves the functional connectivity of the cerebellar cortex. It was used to investigate the function of Kv3 potassium channels in the cerebellar granule cell axon. Double knockout mice lacking both Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 potassium channels display severe motor deficits, while mice lacking only Kv3.1 or Kv3.3 do not. Since granule cells express both Kv3.1 and K...
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