Black bear girdling damage to Douglas-fir stands during the spring causes significant financial losses for forest landowners in the US State Washington. Supplemental feeding from the beginning of May to the end of June is reducing this damage. I describe the efficacy,cost-effectiveness and the ecological impacts of the black bear supplemental feeding program. I marked 14,000 trees in 14 Douglas-fir stands to evaluate the efficacy. In 7 of these stands I installed the feeding program, while the other 7 stands served as control. After the field work I analysed the cost-effectiveness and summarized the ecological impacts.
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Black bear girdling damage to Douglas-fir stands during the spring causes significant financial losses for forest landowners in the US State Washington. Supplemental feeding from the beginning of May to the end of June is reducing this damage. I describe the efficacy,cost-effectiveness and the ecological impacts of the black bear supplemental feeding program. I marked 14,000 trees in 14 Douglas-fir stands to evaluate the efficacy. In 7 of these stands I installed the feeding program, while th...
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