This thesis introduces a novel type of electrochemical microstructuring for 316L stainless steel. The microstructuring methods were developed as a basis for a drug eluting coronary stent system. Coronary stents are used in order to dilate narrowed arteries. In order to prevent inflammation reactions, which lead to an excessive proliferation of cells and thus to a renarrowing of the artery, the new generation of stents are coated with drugs. The aim of this thesis was to create three dimensional microstructures on the surface as a basis for drug coatings. The microstructures are supposed to provide a protection for the drug during the implantation process and, moreover, control the release of the drug by providing microdepots retaining a certain amount of the drug. It was found that suitable microstructures can be generated by a combined etching method comprising a first electrochemical grain boundary etching step followed by an isotropic etching step. The first step is performed with nitric acid and creates a microgrid of narrow grain boundary furrows. These furrows are hollowed out by a second etching step, carried out either with phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid or oxalic acid. The generated structures were found to be superior or equal in terms of corrosion properties and cell proliferation behavior compared to conventional grit blasted stents. It was shown that the in vitro release behavior could be substantially decelerated, with up to three times more drug retention after the first week of release in comparison to grit blasted stents.
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This thesis introduces a novel type of electrochemical microstructuring for 316L stainless steel. The microstructuring methods were developed as a basis for a drug eluting coronary stent system. Coronary stents are used in order to dilate narrowed arteries. In order to prevent inflammation reactions, which lead to an excessive proliferation of cells and thus to a renarrowing of the artery, the new generation of stents are coated with drugs. The aim of this thesis was to create three dimensional...
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