This thesis presents the results of X-ray multi-modal images acquired using grating interferometry and propagation-based imaging techniques at a synchrotron source.
Since the absorption contrast is not very suited to visualize small density differences in the sample, it is necessary to explore novel contrast mechanisms that can overcome this difficulty. Phase-contrast is more sensitive to small density differences and dark-field contrast gives information on the local scattering power of the sample. These novel contrast mechanisms have the power to give complementary information that can help to better understand the composition of a sample.
X-ray grating interferometry, provides high sensitive images using the above mentioned three image contrasts. Up to now, this technique was mainly used for the characterization of soft tissues at photon energies up to 50 keV. The use of such a sensitive technique at energies over 100 keV, can be very interesting for the imaging of hard and dense specimens and it remains unexplored. However, the fabrication requirements of the gratings composing the interferometer make its implementation at high photon energies rather challenging. Furthermore, it is not clear that the different image signals will give complementary information, since at these high energies the attenuation and the phase contrast tend to depend on the material in a similar way. One part of the present thesis is focused on the investigation of grating interferometry at photon energies over 100 keV. The results show the characterization of grating interferometry at such high photon energies. The possibility to characterize samples at these high energies opens a path in many different fields, such as biomedical sciences, fundamental physics, and material sciences.
Propagation-based imaging is another X-ray imaging technique that in combination with a suited algorithm access the phase-contrast information. This technique uses the coherent properties of the source and lets the X-rays propagate in order to access the phase information. Its implementation remains therefore simple, since it doesn't need additional optics in the beam. One part of the present thesis is focused on the experimental evaluation of the grating interferometry and propagation-based imaging capabilities to access the phase-contrast information. The analysis is performed in a phantom sample which contains different density gradients. Additionally, the evaluation is completed by applying both techniques to the visualization and characterization of pancreatic cancerous tissue. The results presented show the complementarity of the techniques to assess the material composition of different samples.
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This thesis presents the results of X-ray multi-modal images acquired using grating interferometry and propagation-based imaging techniques at a synchrotron source.
Since the absorption contrast is not very suited to visualize small density differences in the sample, it is necessary to explore novel contrast mechanisms that can overcome this difficulty. Phase-contrast is more sensitive to small density differences and dark-field contrast gives information on the local scattering power of the s...
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