A discrete adjoint solver for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is implemented in OpenFOAM v3.0.1 to compute shape sensitivities in context of aerodynamic design. The focus lies on incompressible and steady flow for high Reynolds numbers, governed by the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equation completed with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The discrete adjoint equation is derived using the method of Lagrange multiplier. The implementation of the adjoint solver is documented in detail. Three examples are presented in order to verify the discrete adjoint solver against a total finite difference approach, a channel flow, a flow over the NACA2412 airfoil, and a flow over the ONERA M6 wing. Furthermore, a discussion on the implicit Laplacian operator for different OpenFOAM versions and a guideline to implement a new turbulence model in OpenFOAM v3.0.1 is provided.     «

A discrete adjoint solver for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is implemented in OpenFOAM v3.0.1 to compute shape sensitivities in context of aerodynamic design. The focus lies on incompressible and steady flow for high Reynolds numbers, governed by the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equation completed with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The discrete adjoint equation is derived using the method of Lagrange multiplier. The implementation of the adjoint solver is documented in detail....     »