The mechanism behind the adjuvant activity of the mycobacterial cord factor TDM and its synthetic analog TDB as a component of the new adjuvant system CAF01 was investigated and compared to the TLR9 ligand CpG. In vitro, TDB and TDM potently activate antigen-presenting cells via a Myd88 and TLR independent, but FcRg-Syk-Card9 dependent signaling pathway. Microarray analysis indicated that in macrophages, TDB induced genome-wide transcriptional responses similar to the Dectin-1 ligand Curdlan that were distinct from the pattern of CpG-induced activation and completely Card9 dependent. By using a TB vaccination model, it was shown that TDB induces the development of an antigen-specific Th-1/Th-17 response in a Card9 dependent way. Card9 was furthermore identified to be essential for the induction of protective immunity to challenge with TB.
In contrast to the in vitro studies, the adaptor protein Myd88 was shown to be essentially required for TDB adjuvanticity in vivo. The precise role of Myd88 in the adjuvant effect of TDB is still unclear.
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The mechanism behind the adjuvant activity of the mycobacterial cord factor TDM and its synthetic analog TDB as a component of the new adjuvant system CAF01 was investigated and compared to the TLR9 ligand CpG. In vitro, TDB and TDM potently activate antigen-presenting cells via a Myd88 and TLR independent, but FcRg-Syk-Card9 dependent signaling pathway. Microarray analysis indicated that in macrophages, TDB induced genome-wide transcriptional responses similar to the Dectin-1 ligand Curdlan tha...
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