Bioremediation the utilization of the metabolic potential of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environments represents a possible alternative to physico-chemical treatment processes. In particular, an implementation of xenobiotic degradation into the biological process steps of wastewater treatment units using this approach could be a cost effective possibility to circumvent additional process steps. This work investigates the possibility of genetically modifying microbial wastewater biocoenoses by horizontal gene transfer directly within model reactors to introduce xenobiotic degrading capabilities. For this reason, a Pseudomonas putida strain containing a catabolic plasmid was added to the microbial communities of laboratory-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBR). The conjugal transfer of the respective plasmid was followed by microscopical and PCR-based methods and compared with reactor performance regarding the degradation of the applied xenobiotic substance. In contrast to the first of the investigated plasmids, pJP4, which is a well-studied model plasmid for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), this study shows for the first time the participation of the second plasmid under investigation, pNB2, in degradation of 3-chloroaniline (3CA). Both plasmids could be successfully applied for bioaugmentation of the microbial communities of lab-scale reactors, and the appearence of transconjugants could be correlated with an onset of the degradation of 2,4-D or 3CA, respectively. Comamonas testosteroni could be identified as the dominant 3CA-degrading pNB2 transconjugant species active in the reactor, whereas the identity of the dominant 2,4-D degrading transconjugants in the reactor experiment with pJP4 remained unclear. The results of this study show that horizontal gene transfer of catabolic plasmids represents a possibility for the bioaugmentation of microbial populations in biofilm reactors. Pilot-scale and long-term investigations should be conducted to analyse the stability of the introduced metabolic functions under application-oriented conditions.
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Bioremediation the utilization of the metabolic potential of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environments represents a possible alternative to physico-chemical treatment processes. In particular, an implementation of xenobiotic degradation into the biological process steps of wastewater treatment units using this approach could be a cost effective possibility to circumvent additional process steps. This work investigates the possibility of genetically modifying microbial wastewater b...
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