The navigation and localization systems are commonly used in different fields of industry and help to access unfamiliar environments. Various technologies enable object identification and tracking. In particular, parking area and warehouses require intelligent systems which can assist in proper management, guidance towards the parking facility, searching the unoccupied parking space, or tracking the vehicle. However, not every approach fits all the needs and requirements. In response to such problems, the focus is to review and analyze different reliable, intelligent and efficient vehicle identification technologies applicable for tracking and tracing of historical vehicles indoors and outdoors. This study introduces different indoor navigation and outdoor positioning technologies: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR), ultra-wideband (UWB), and GPS. Each location-sensing system differentiates by coverage area, level of accuracy, the purpose of the application, frequency of location updates, maintenance, and installation costs. The paper represents a general explanation, description and evaluation of each vehicle detection and surveillance technology and shines some light on the respective advantages and disadvantages as well as possible exemplary use cases for each approach. Moreover, the proposed technologies are investigated and contrasted by various evaluation criteria. The implementation of one of the discussed technologies helps to reduce problems that arise from the lack of reliable and modern systems and decrease human errors that influence the efficiency of the logistical processes. The research offers an accurate vehicle identification technology for a variety of challenging environments. The proposal can improve the precise location of the vehicle and gain information about the current location of the resource using wireless data transmission technology. Finally, this study is an attempt to implement the BLE technology in one of the leading vehicle manufacturing companies, give an insight into the economic analysis of such project and analyze its contribution, benefits, effects, and improvements in logistical processes.     «

The navigation and localization systems are commonly used in different fields of industry and help to access unfamiliar environments. Various technologies enable object identification and tracking. In particular, parking area and warehouses require intelligent systems which can assist in proper management, guidance towards the parking facility, searching the unoccupied parking space, or tracking the vehicle. However, not every approach fits all the needs and requirements. In response to such pro...     »