A proteomic approach was undertaken for the study of forest trees responses to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Protein extraction and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protocols were optimised for all types of samples analysed, and the reproducibility of protein separation was investigated for different levels of biological and technical replication. The high resolution and reproducibility of protein expression patterns based on the optimised protocols guaranteed a high reliability of results. Differential display experiments were employed for the study of changes in protein expression patterns under stress conditions. In Europe, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica are considered representative species for coniferous and broad leafed tree species respectively. These species were therefore selected as experimental models for the study of trees response to abiotic and biotic stressors. Protein expression was investigated in two Picea abies ecotypes adapted to different elevations. Direct comparison of protein expression in the needles and roots of the two ecotypes under normal growth conditions revealed differences in the constitutive expression of proteins with potential adaptive significance. The analysis of protein expression in response to and during the recovery from heat stress revealed differences in the activation of heat and oxidative stress protective mechanisms that can affect the capacity of the two ecotypes to withstand and recover from elevated temperatures. Mechanisms involved in the defence against pathogens and herbivores were investigated at local and systemic level. Fagus sylvatica - Phytophthora citricola pathosystem was selected as model system and wounding was used as elicitor of the response against herbivores. Local and systemic protein expression patterns in response to pathogen attack and root or leaf wounding exhibited overlaps consisting of co-regulated as well as differentially expressed proteins. Shared protein expression patterns indicate inter-regulation of signalling and defence pathways elicited by pathogens and herbivores while the existence of proteins exhibiting opposite regulation after infection and root wounding suggests antagonistic connections between the pathways. Overlapping and/or mutually antagonistic responses to different stress conditions indicate a complex inter-regulation of the signalling and defence pathways activated by different stressors. These pathways specifically interact to maximise chances for plant survival under different environmental conditions while minimising resource investment.     «

A proteomic approach was undertaken for the study of forest trees responses to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Protein extraction and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protocols were optimised for all types of samples analysed, and the reproducibility of protein separation was investigated for different levels of biological and technical replication. The high resolution and reproducibility of protein expression patterns based on the optimised protocols guaranteed a high reliability of resul...     »

Um die Reaktion von Bäumen auf abiotischen und biotischen Stress zu untersuchen, wurde ein proteomischer Ansatz durchgeführt. Die zwei-dimensionale Elektrophorese wurde optimiert und die Reproduzierbarkeit der Proteinauftrennung auf verschiedenen Ebenen von biologischen und technischen Wiederholungen überprüft. Die Anpassung von Ökotypen verschiedener Höhenlagen wurde anhand der Fichte (Picea abies) untersucht. Zum Vergleich wurden normale Temperaturbedingungen sowie die Reaktion auf Hitzestress und die nachfolgende Erholungsphase herangezogen. Proteomveränderungen, die durch Pathogenstress (Phytophthora citricola) oder Verwundung hervorgerufen werden, wurden für die Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica) untersucht und verglichen. Die Arbeit zeigt die komplexe Natur der Stressantwort in Bäumen auf und weist nach, dass die Reaktionswege für verschiedene Arten von Stress stark zusammenhängen. Sie bilden komplexe und effektive Verteidigungsnetzwerke.      «

Um die Reaktion von Bäumen auf abiotischen und biotischen Stress zu untersuchen, wurde ein proteomischer Ansatz durchgeführt. Die zwei-dimensionale Elektrophorese wurde optimiert und die Reproduzierbarkeit der Proteinauftrennung auf verschiedenen Ebenen von biologischen und technischen Wiederholungen überprüft. Die Anpassung von Ökotypen verschiedener Höhenlagen wurde anhand der Fichte (Picea abies) untersucht. Zum Vergleich wurden normale Temperaturbedingungen sowie die Reaktion auf Hitzestress...     »