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- Titel:
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Blood Alterations in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Dokumenttyp:
- Review; Journal Article
- Autor(en):
- Schoretsanitis, Georgios; de Filippis, Renato; Ntogka, Maria; Leucht, Stefan; Correll, Christoph U; Kane, John M
- Abstract:
- BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), an extracellular network protease implicated in glutamatergic signaling, may be part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). METHODS: We performed a systematic review in PubMed/Embase until July 15, 2020, conducting a random-effects meta-analysis of studies comparing MMP-9 blood levels in SSD vs healthy controls (HCs) and psychiatric controls (PCs), calculating between-group differences in standardized mean differences (SMDs) ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-regression analyses included sex, age, illness duration, antipsychotic dose, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total/subscales. Subgroup analyses included first-episode patients (FEP) vs non-FEP, each vs HCs and vs PCs, and blood sample type. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS: Four, five, and two trials were rated as high, fair, and low quality. In 11 studies (n = 1443), 643 patients (age = 36.7 ± 14.1 years, females = 42.9%) were compared with HCs (n = 631), with 4 studies including also 169 PCs. MMP-9 levels were higher in SSD vs HCs (SMD = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.20-0.85, P = .002), but not in PCs vs HCs (n = 132, after removing one implausible outlier [SMD = 0.33, 95%CI = -0.16 to 0.85, P = .082]). MMP-9 differences between SSD and HCs were associated with higher PANSS total (coefficient = 0.02, 95%CI = 0.01-0.02, P < .001), PANSS positive (coefficient = 0.08, 95%CI = 0.02-0.13, P = .006), and PANSS general scores (coefficient = 0.02, 95%CI = 0.01-0.03, P < .001). MMP-9 level differences vs HCs did not vary significantly between FEP (n = 103, SMD = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.15-0.72, P = .71) and non-FEP patients (n = 466, SMD = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.38-0.80; P = .34) (FEP vs non-FEP: P = .39). In four high-quality studies, MMP-9 levels remained significantly higher in SSD vs HCs (SMD = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.03-1.61). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest MMP-9 upregulation in SSD, requiring further validation and understanding of related pathways.
- Zeitschriftentitel:
- Schizophr Bull
- Jahr:
- 2021
- Band / Volume:
- 47
- Heft / Issue:
- 4
- Seitenangaben Beitrag:
- 986-996
- Volltext / DOI:
- doi:10.1093/schbul/sbab001
- PubMed:
- http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33491066
- Print-ISSN:
- 0586-7614
- TUM Einrichtung:
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
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