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Titel:

[Lifestyle intervention in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases].

Dokumenttyp:
Journal Article; Review
Autor(en):
Heinicke, Verena; Halle, Martin
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle lifelong is capable of significantly reducing the cardiovascular risk by up to 70% and is therefore a key component in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. According to the European and American guidelines lifestyle interventions include not smoking, daily physical activity of ≥150 min/week at moderate intensity or 75 min/week for higher intensity physical activity, a cardioprotective nutrition (high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, low amounts of saturated fatty acids and low salt intake), normal body weight (body mass index 20-25 kg/m2), arterial blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg (optimum <130/80 mm Hg), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol target values depending on the cardiovascular risk and a normal glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus with adjustment of a HbA1c to <7%. Lifestyle measures with weight reduction and intensification of physical activity can improve the cardiometabolic risk factors. In this way reduction of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures by approximately 10-15 mm Hg, reduction of HbA1c by approximately 1 % and reduction of triglycerides by ca. 30-40 % are possible. The LDL-cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) levels cannot be easily influenced. Beyond the recommendations for a cardioprotective lifestyle, additional pharmacological therapy may have to be added depending on the cardiovascular risk profile.
Zeitschriftentitel:
Herz
Jahr:
2020
Band / Volume:
45
Heft / Issue:
1
Seitenangaben Beitrag:
30-38
Volltext / DOI:
doi:10.1007/s00059-019-04886-y
PubMed:
http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31993680
Print-ISSN:
0340-9937
TUM Einrichtung:
Poliklinik für Präventive und Rehabilitative Sportmedizin
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