Isolated coronary anomalies are rare congenital malformations. The anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA, ARCAPA), the anomalous origination of the coronary ostium from the opposite, facing \"coronary\" sinus, coronary fistulas, and coronary aneurysms have to be mentioned. The symptoms vary from life-threatening events (e.g., myocardial infarction, cardiac syncope and ventricular dysrhythmia) to atrial or ventricular volume overload and asymptomatic courses. Echocardiography is used as a screening method; noninvasive modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are additionally used for diagnosis, but coronary angiography is the gold standard to depict the morphology discussed in the individual case. The indication for conservative, interventional, or operative treatment must be decided for each patient individually.
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Isolated coronary anomalies are rare congenital malformations. The anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA, ARCAPA), the anomalous origination of the coronary ostium from the opposite, facing \"coronary\" sinus, coronary fistulas, and coronary aneurysms have to be mentioned. The symptoms vary from life-threatening events (e.g., myocardial infarction, cardiac syncope and ventricular dysrhythmia) to atrial or ventricular volume overload and asymptomatic courses. E...
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