Congenital heart diseases are a difficult target for clinical and developmental studies. Particularly, the investigation of pathophysiologic changes in early stages of cardiogenesis is vastly limited because of the restricted access to patient material at different stages of human development.
The advent of hiPSC technology and the possibility of generating patient- specific hiPSC-cardiomyocytes solved the obstacles of limited tissue access to some extent, providing a new platform for molecular investigation.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital cardiac malformation in which the heart consists of a single pumping chamber responsible for the body circulation, consisting of the right ventricle, whereas passive venous flow to the lungs maintains the pulmonary circulation.
In several hiPSC-CM models recapitulating common HLHS mutations, important findings suggest an underlying cell cycle defect and an immature phenotype of diseased HLHS cardiomyocytes (CM).
Nevertheless, a major drawback of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) is their lack of the mature subcellular organization, electromechanical properties, and three-dimensionality that are seen in differentiated human cardiomyocytes. These immature properties of standard-cultured hiPSC-CMs consequently limit the exploration of disease phenotypes.
In the current study, hiPSC-CMs were successfully seeded onto decellularized non-human primate ventricular myocardium (cECM), thereby generating 3D heart patches. By subjecting these 3D heart patches to specialized biomimetic culture conditions consisting of continuous mechanical preload and electrical field stimulation, a significant increase in structural and functional maturation of hiPSC-CM was achieved.
By partially overcoming the limitation of cellular immaturity, 3D cECM heart patches were generated from healthy and diseased hiPSC-CMs of three different HLHS patient lines.
The dynamic readout of contraction force and beating rate analysis revealed significant differences between patient and control lines in terms of contractility, excitability and cell type identity. This study demonstrates that certain disease phenotypes can only be recapitulated and investigated by a 3D biomimetic culture.
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Congenital heart diseases are a difficult target for clinical and developmental studies. Particularly, the investigation of pathophysiologic changes in early stages of cardiogenesis is vastly limited because of the restricted access to patient material at different stages of human development.
The advent of hiPSC technology and the possibility of generating patient- specific hiPSC-cardiomyocytes solved the obstacles of limited tissue access to some extent, providing a new platform for molecula...
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