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- Document type:
- Journal Article
- Author(s):
- Hinz, Maximilian; Kleim, Benjamin D; Berthold, Daniel P; Geyer, Stephanie; Lambert, Christophe; Imhoff, Andreas B; Mehl, Julian
- Title:
- Injury Patterns, Risk Factors, and Return to Sport in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu: A Cross-sectional Survey of 1140 Athletes.
- Abstract:
- Background: Brazilian jiu jitsu (BJJ) is a growing martial art that focuses on grappling techniques. Purpose: To quantify the 3-year incidence of BJJ-related injuries and detect common injury patterns as well as risk factors among those practicing BJJ. It was hypothesized that there would be a high incidence of injuries, they would be caused by submissions in sparring situations, and they would occur predominantly at the extremities. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Active BJJ athletes were invited to take an English-language online survey developed by orthopaedic surgeons together with BJJ athletes and a sports scientist. Data were recorded regarding athlete demographics, sporting activity level, injuries within the past 3 years that caused at least a 2-week time loss, injury mechanisms, and return to sport. Results: Overall, 1140 responses were received from 62 different countries; 88.9% of all athletes were male, and 63.9% were regular competitors. Within the investigated cohort, 1052 injuries were recorded in 784 athletes, for an injury incidence of 308 per 1000 athletes per year. The lower extremity (45.7%) and upper extremity (30.2%) were predominant sites of injury, with injuries to the knee (27.1%) being the most common. The most frequent knee injuries were meniscal injuries (n = 65), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears (n = 36), and medial collateral ligament injuries (n = 36). ACL tears were especially associated with long time frames for return to sport. Most injuries occurred during sparring (77.6%) and were caused by submissions (29.7%) and takedowns (26.4%). Competing regularly (P = .003), older age (P < .001), and higher belt rank (P = .003) were significant risk factors for injury. Conclusion: Injury incidence was high among BJJ athletes surveyed, with 2 out of 3 athletes reporting at least 1 injury within a 3-year period that caused a 2-week absence from training. Most injuries occurred during sparring, and we believe that a high potential for injury reduction lies in drawing awareness to common injury patterns and sites in athletes.
- Journal title abbreviation:
- Orthop J Sports Med
- Year:
- 2021
- Journal volume:
- 9
- Journal issue:
- 12
- Fulltext / DOI:
- doi:10.1177/23259671211062568
- Pubmed ID:
- http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34988235
- TUM Institution:
- Fachgebiet Sportorthopädie (Prof. Imhoff)
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