Risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in US veterans: A cohort study.

Müller, Jan; Ganeshamoorthy, Sarmila; Myers, Jonathan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181647

2017

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Title:: Risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in US veterans: A cohort study.
Document type:: Journal Article
Author(s):: Müller, Jan; Ganeshamoorthy, Sarmila; Myers, Jonathan
Abstract:: To assess the association between clinical and exercise test factors and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in US Veterans.Exercise capacity, demographics and clinical variables were assessed in 5826 veterans (mean age 59.4 ± 11.5 years) from the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in Palo Alto, CA. The study participants underwent routine clinical exercise testing between the years 1987 and 2011. The study end point was the development of PTSD.A total of 723 (12.9%) veterans were diagnosed with PTSD after a mean follow-up of 9.6 ± 5.6 years. Drug abuse (HR: 1.98, CI: 1.33-2.92, p = .001), current smoking (HR: 1.57, CI: 1.35-2.24, p <.001), alcohol abuse (HR: 1.58, CI: 1.12-2.24, p = .009), history of chest pain (HR: 1.48, CI: 1.25-1.75, p <.001) and higher exercise capacity (HR: 1.03, CI: 1.01-1.05, p = .003) were strong independent risk factors for PTSD in a univariate model. Physical activity pattern was not associated with PTSD in either the univariate or multivariate models. In the final multivariate model, current smoking (HR: 1.30, CI: 1.10-1.53, p = .002) history of chest pain (HR: 1.37, CI: 1.15-1.63, p <.001) and younger age (HR: 0.97, CI: 0.97-0.98, p <.001) were significantly associated to PTSD.Onset of PTSD is significantly associated with current smoking, history of chest pain and younger age. Screening veterans with multiple risk factors for symptoms of PTSD should therefore be taken into account.
Journal title abbreviation:: PLoS ONE
Year:: 2017
Journal volume:: 12
Journal issue:: 7
Pages contribution:: e0181647
Language:: eng
Fulltext / DOI:: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181647
Pubmed ID:: http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28742837
Print-ISSN:: 1932-6203
TUM Institution:: Klinik für Kinderkardiologie und angeborene Herzfehler (Prof. Hess)
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mediaTUM Gesamtbestand Einrichtungen Schools TUM School of Medicine and Health Departments Clinical Medicine Lehr- und Forschungskooperationen mit den Kliniken und Instituten am Deutschen Herzzentrum Klinik für Kinderkardiologie und angeborene Herzfehler (DHM) (Prof. Ewert)2017