The Cerebral Surfactant System and Its Alteration in Hydrocephalic Conditions.

Schob, Stefan; Lobsien, Donald; Friedrich, Benjamin; Bernhard, Matthias K; Gebauer, Corinna; Dieckow, Julia; Gawlitza, Matthias; Pirlich, Mandy; Saur, Dorothee; Bräuer, Lars; Bechmann, Ingo; Hoffmann, Karl-Titus; Mahr, Cynthia V; Nestler, Ulf; Preuß, Matthias

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160680

2016

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Document type:: Article; Journal Article
Author(s):: Schob, Stefan; Lobsien, Donald; Friedrich, Benjamin; Bernhard, Matthias K; Gebauer, Corinna; Dieckow, Julia; Gawlitza, Matthias; Pirlich, Mandy; Saur, Dorothee; Bräuer, Lars; Bechmann, Ingo; Hoffmann, Karl-Titus; Mahr, Cynthia V; Nestler, Ulf; Preuß, Matthias
Title:: The Cerebral Surfactant System and Its Alteration in Hydrocephalic Conditions.
Abstract:: INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary Surfactant reduces surface tension in the terminal airways thus facilitating breathing and contributes to host's innate immunity. Surfactant Proteins (SP) A, B, C and D were recently identified as inherent proteins of the CNS. Aim of the study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SP levels in hydrocephalus patients compared to normal subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: CSF SP A-D levels were quantified using commercially available ELISA kits in 126 patients (0-84 years, mean 39 years). 60 patients without CNS pathologies served as a control group. Hydrocephalus patients were separated in aqueductal stenosis (AQS, n = 24), acute hydrocephalus without aqueductal stenosis (acute HC w/o AQS, n = 16) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH, n = 20). Furthermore, six patients with pseudotumor cerebri were investigated. RESULTS: SP A-D are present under physiological conditions in human CSF. SP-A is elevated in diseases accompanied by ventricular enlargement (AQS, acute HC w/o AQS) in a significant manner (0.67, 1.21 vs 0.38 ng/ml in control, p<0.001). SP-C is also elevated in hydrocephalic conditions (AQS, acute HC w/o AQS; 0.87, 1.71 vs. 0.48 ng/ml in controls, p<0.001) and in Pseudotumor cerebri (1.26 vs. 0.48 ng/ml in controls, p<0.01). SP-B and SP-D did not show significant alterations. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms the presence of SPs in human CSF. There are significant changes of SP-A and SP-C levels in diseases affecting brain water circulation and elevation of intracranial pressure. Cause of the alterations, underlying regulatory mechanisms, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic consequences of cerebral SP's requires further thorough investigations.
Journal title abbreviation:: PLoS ONE
Year:: 2016
Journal volume:: 11
Journal issue:: 9
Language:: eng
Fulltext / DOI:: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160680
Pubmed ID:: http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27656877
Print-ISSN:: 1932-6203
TUM Institution:: Fachgebiet Neuroradiologie (Prof. Zimmer)
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