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- Title:
Clinical use of bone-targeting radiopharmaceuticals with focus on alpha-emitters.
- Document type:
- Journal Article; Review
- Author(s):
- Wieder, Hinrich A; Lassmann, Michael; Allen-Auerbach, Martin S; Czernin, Johannes; Herrmann, Ken
- Abstract:
- Various single or multi-modality therapeutic options are available to treat pain of bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Different radionuclides that emit ?-rays such as (153)Samarium and (89)Strontium and achieve palliation are commercially available. In contrast to ?-emitters, (223)Radium as a ?-emitter has a short path-length. The advantage of the ?-emitter is thus a highly localized biological effect that is caused by radiation induced DNA double-strand breaks and subsequent cell killing and/or limited effectiveness of cellular repair mechanisms. Due to the limited range of the ?-particles the bone surface to red bone marrow dose ratio is also lower for (223)Radium which is expressed in a lower myelotoxicity. The ? emitter (223)Radium dichloride is the first radiopharmaceutical that significantly prolongs life in castrate resistant prostate cancer patients with wide-spread bone metastatic disease. In a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study 921 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases were randomly assigned. The analysis confirmed the (223)Radium survival benefit compared to the placebo (median, 14.9 mo vs 11.3 mo; P < 0.001). In addition, the treatment results in pain palliation and thus, improved quality of life and a delay of skeletal related events. At the same time the toxicity profile of (223)Radium was favourable. Since May 2013, (223)Radium dichloride (Xofigo(®)) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
- Journal title abbreviation:
- World J Radiol
- Year:
- 2014
- Journal volume:
- 6
- Journal issue:
- 7
- Pages contribution:
- 480-5
- Language:
- eng
- Fulltext / DOI:
- doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i7.480
- Pubmed ID:
- http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25071888
- TUM Institution:
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin
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