Risk factors for increased antimicrobial resistance: a retrospective analysis of 309 acute cholangitis episodes.
Dokumenttyp:
Journal Article
Autor(en):
Schneider, Jochen; De Waha, Pierre; Hapfelmeier, Alexander; Feihl, Susanne; Römmler, Franziska; Schlag, Christoph; Algül, Hana; Schmid, Roland M; Wantia, Nina; Huber, Wolfgang; Weber, Andreas
Abstract:
To assess the risk factors for increased antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae representing the most common biliary pathogens.A retrospective analysis was conducted of 276 patients with acute cholangitis treated at a German tertiary centre between April 1996 and May 2009. The resistance patterns among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood/bile cultures were compared and related to age, sex, the genesis of the cholangitis and the type and number of previous interventional procedures [percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)/endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC)]. Univariate and multivariate generalized estimation equation models were used to compute ORs with corresponding 95% CIs for the binomial outcomes.According to the univariate analysis, patients undergoing stent therapy had a smaller proportion of Enterobacteriaceae with susceptibility to quinolones (ofloxacin/ciprofloxacin) (184/239 versus 205/221; P < 0.001) and to ceftriaxone (208/239 versus 209/222; P = 0.014). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds for acquiring ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were 4-fold higher than in patients who had not undergone stent therapy (P = 0.039). Furthermore, an increased number of interventional procedures (PTC/ERC) was associated with lower susceptibility. The odds for susceptibility to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, quinolones and co-trimoxazole decreased by 2%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 3%, respectively, per interventional procedure. Age, sex and type of interventional procedure displayed no significant relationship to the development of antimicrobial resistance.Stent therapy was found to be a risk factor for increased antimicrobial resistance in patients with acute cholangitis, particularly those who had undergone numerous interventional procedures prior to the onset of the cholangitis.
II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Gastroenterologie); Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene; Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Epidemiologie