The immuno- and constitutive proteasome X-ray structures reveal differences between both proteases and explain the immunoproteasome-selectivity of the compound ONX 0914, which is currently being examined as a drug for autoimmune diseases. Although the constitutive proteasome subunit β5c also produces antigens with apolar C-termini, the hydrophobic substrate binding pockets of the immunoproteasome subunits β1i and β5i are ideally suited for this task. The spacious S1 pocket of β5i enhances the cleavage after bulky apolar residues, the diversity of antigens with various hydrophobic ends and the affinity of ONX 0914 for β5i. In addition, the key role of the P1 residue is corroborated by the binding mode of ONX 0914. Besides, the three proteasomes of vertebrates, the immuno-, thymo- and constitutive proteasome have been analysed by yeast mutagenesis. Together, these results facilitate future efforts to design proteasome-specific inhibitors.
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The immuno- and constitutive proteasome X-ray structures reveal differences between both proteases and explain the immunoproteasome-selectivity of the compound ONX 0914, which is currently being examined as a drug for autoimmune diseases. Although the constitutive proteasome subunit β5c also produces antigens with apolar C-termini, the hydrophobic substrate binding pockets of the immunoproteasome subunits β1i and β5i are ideally suited for this task. The spacious S1 pocket of β5i enhances the cl...
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