Study on GPR reflections in blocky media using numerical simulations and physical mock-ups.

This paper investigates the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) reflections from stone blocky media using a dual approach of controlled laboratory measurements and 2D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) numerical simulations (gprMax©). Such blocky media are typical for historic structures like the famous Pyramids of Giza, which consist of millions of limestone and/or granite blocks. Limestone and granite blocks were used to construct various mock-up arrangements, featuring horizontal and vertical joints, inclined surfaces, and air-filled voids. Results indicate that while vertical joints produce distinct hyperbolic reflections, horizontal joints yield weaker, less detectable signals in complex configurations. Voids with vertical sidewalls generate consistent hyperbolas, whereas slanted surfaces distort these patterns, complicating detection. Furthermore, material transitions from limestone to granite amplify reflections and induce polarity reversals at interfaces. These results improve GPR data interpretation in blocky media, offering better comprehension of the reflections from natural block boundaries and subsurface voids.     «

This paper investigates the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) reflections from stone blocky media using a dual approach of controlled laboratory measurements and 2D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) numerical simulations (gprMax©). Such blocky media are typical for historic structures like the famous Pyramids of Giza, which consist of millions of limestone and/or granite blocks. Limestone and granite blocks were used to construct various mock-up arrangements, featuring horizontal and vertical jo...     »