Ultra-wideband communication systems use radio signals whose bandwidth is in the range of some hundred MHz to several GHz. The first application of these signals was military radar. The reasons
for using signals with such an extremely large bandwidth are manifold. The resulting high temoral signal-resolution is a prerequisit for precise radar systems. Radio channels with dense multipath
propagation achieve high multipath diversity, which can be used to improve the robustness and capacity of the communication channel. Furthermore, the large bandwidth allows to transmit signals
with a small power spectral density such that, the interference to other radio signals will be negligible, even if they lie within the same frequency band.
With the advances in integrated circuit technology made in the past years, the opportunity has come to use these signals also for civil communication, position location, and radar applications.
However, the large signal bandwidth is still an obstacle when it comes to implementing low power devices that are simple and at the same time take full advantage of the capabilities of
ultra-wideband radio. Therefore, practical systems cannot exploit all the benefits offered by UWB signals.
In this work the focus is on low-complexity receiver architectures for communication systems. These architectures are found by identifying the receiver tasks whose implementation is complex
or which require a high signal-processing speed. Accordingly, a simple receiver should not perform channel estimation or equalization. As a consequence, the receiver must be noncoherent.
This conclusion is confirmed by deriving the optimum (maximum-likelihood) receiver, under the assumption that the receiver has no information about the propagation channel. Many important
properties of the noncohrerent receiver are discussed, such as sensitivity, vulnerability to narrowband interference, and robustness to synchronization inaccuracies. Furthermore, an approach for
the robust design of a key system parameter, the integration duration, is derived for some simplifying assumptions on the propagation channel.
A meaningful extension of this simple noncoherent receiver is obtained by assuming that the receiver knows the power delay profile of the propagation channel. The resulting maximumlikelihood
receiver is derived and its performance is compared with that of the simpler receiver which has no channel information. Another extension is to use more than one receiver antenna,
each, leading to a separate noncoherent receiver. The reasonable distance between the receiver antennas is discussed, i.e., whether micro diversity or macro diversity can be exploited. The optimum
scheme to combine the individual received signals is derived and the performance of this optimum scheme is compared with the suboptimum selection-combining scheme.
A totally different approach to simplify receivers consists in designing the transmit signal such that the signal acquisition gets simple. A novel multiple access scheme for uncoordinated users,
called rate division multiple access, follows this idea.
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Ultra-wideband communication systems use radio signals whose bandwidth is in the range of some hundred MHz to several GHz. The first application of these signals was military radar. The reasons
for using signals with such an extremely large bandwidth are manifold. The resulting high temoral signal-resolution is a prerequisit for precise radar systems. Radio channels with dense multipath
propagation achieve high multipath diversity, which can be used to improve the robustness and capacity of th...
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