Caloric restriction induces anabolic resistance to resistance exercise

PURPOSE: Weight loss can result in the loss of muscle mass and bone mineral density. Resistance exercise is commonly prescribed to attenuate these effects. However, the anabolic endocrine response to resistance exercise during caloric restriction has not been characterized. METHODS: Participants underwent 3-day conditions of caloric restriction (15 kcal · kg FFM-1) with post-exercise carbohydrate (CRC) and with post-exercise protein (CRP) and an energy balance control (40 kcal · kg FFM-1) with post-exercise carbohydrate (CON). Serial blood draws were taken following 5 sets of 5 repetitions of the barbell back squat exercise on Day 3 of each condition. RESULTS: In CRC and CRP, respectively, growth hormone peaked at 2.6 ± 0.4 and 2.5 ± 0.9 times the peak concentrations observed during CON. Despite this, insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations declined 18.3 ± 3.4 % in CRC and 27.2 ± 3.8 % in CRP, which was greater than the 7.6 ± 3.6 % decline in CON, over the subsequent 24 hours. Sclerostin increased over the first two days of each intervention by 19.2 ± 5.6 % in CRC, 21.8 ± 6.2 % in CRP and 13.4 ± 5.9 % in CON but following the resistance exercise bout, these increases were attenuated and no longer significant. CONCLUSION: During caloric restriction, there is considerable endocrine anabolic resistance to a single bout of resistance exercise which persists in the presence of post-exercise whey protein supplementation. Alternative strategies to restore the sensitivity of insulin-like growth factor-1 to growth hormone need to be explored.     «

PURPOSE: Weight loss can result in the loss of muscle mass and bone mineral density. Resistance exercise is commonly prescribed to attenuate these effects. However, the anabolic endocrine response to resistance exercise during caloric restriction has not been characterized. METHODS: Participants underwent 3-day conditions of caloric restriction (15 kcal · kg FFM-1) with post-exercise carbohydrate (CRC) and with post-exercise protein (CRP) and an energy balance control (40 kcal · kg FFM-1) with p...     »