In a fusion reactor heat fluxes of 10-20 MW/m2 will occur, which will have to be removed by heat sinks. This poses a great challenge to the heat sink materials. A thermal conductivity of 200 W/mK in combination with an operating temperature of 550°C will be required. This high temperature level favours an efficient energy conversion. Copper has the necessary thermal conductivity, but does not possess a sufficient creep resistance, especially under neutron irradiation. To improve the high temperature values of creep and tensile strength, a reinforcement of copper by SiC long fibres (Textron SCS-6) was developed. The copper matrix was deposited onto the fibres galvanically and subsequently the compound was consolidated in a hot pressing process. Structuring of the internal interfaces was performed by magnetron sputter deposition of Ti layers with a thickness in the nanometer range in combination with a thermal treatment to obtain the formation of carbides. The materials properties and structure were characterised by microscopy, micro indentation, push-out tests, and tensile tests. This revealed significant differences between compound samples with and without Ti interlayers. Without treatment the adhesion between fibre and matrix was very weak. Push-out tests yielded adhesive shear strengths of 5 MPa. No chemical reaction between carbon on the fibre surfaces and the copper matrix occurs. Applying a thin Ti coating as an interlayer improved the adhesive shear strength to a value of 60 MPa. By an appropriate heat treatment it was possible to obtain a carbide bonding of the carbon on the fibre surface and in this way initiate a chemical bonding between fibre and matrix. At the same time this improved the mechanical coupling between fibre and matrix, because the chemical reaction resulted in an interlocking between the TiC and the copper matrix. For the first time it could be demonstrated in this work, that a reinforcement of copper by SiC long fibres is possible. The strength increases with increasing fibre volume fraction.
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In a fusion reactor heat fluxes of 10-20 MW/m2 will occur, which will have to be removed by heat sinks. This poses a great challenge to the heat sink materials. A thermal conductivity of 200 W/mK in combination with an operating temperature of 550°C will be required. This high temperature level favours an efficient energy conversion. Copper has the necessary thermal conductivity, but does not possess a sufficient creep resistance, especially under neutron irradiation. To improve the high tempera...
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