In 1984, the first de novo protein structure in solution was solved using NMR in Kurt Wuethrich’s group. Resolved chemical shift is an essential prerequisite for structure determination. In solid state, observation of the isotropic chemical shift, however, is hindered by large anisotropic interactions such as dipole-dipole interactions and chemical shift anisotropy. High-resolution Solid-State NMR spectra were not possible until the invention of Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) in 1958. The first de novo structure of a protein in solid state was published in 2008. There is still no generally accepted protocol to obtain long-range distance restraints due to dipolar truncation. Solid-state NMR is still going through drastic hardware and method development.
In this thesis, I pursued two aims. First, I present a quantitative study of sensitivity and resolution in proton-detected experiments under MAS in the frequency range 10-110 kHz. Using experiments and simulations, we found that for selectively methyl protonated protein samples a MAS rotation frequency beyond 300 kHz is needed for maximal intensity. It is far beyond the previous estimated limits (100-200 kHz) for completely protonated sample. Second, I present a novel scheme to determine order parameters under conditions of off-magic angle spinning. Conventionally, order parameter determination relies on residual dipolar couplings. For dynamic residues, methods become insensitive since dipolar couplings are averaged by motion. Under off-magic angle condition, on the contrary, only mobile residues can be detected with good sensitivity and resolution, thus leading to a more accurate fitting result.
This thesis is constituted with seven chapters. Chapter 1 and 2 present a brief introduction to the principle of NMR and Solid-State NMR (SSNMR). Chapter 3 lists the development of SSNMR in biosolids application. Challenges and future trends in methods are also discussed. Chapter 4 introduces experiments, which will be mainly used for studies in this thesis. Chapter 5 describes the quantitative study of MAS dependent spectra sensitivity and resolution. Spectra of samples with different proton densities are compared. In chapter 6, an estimation of the MAS frequency that is necessary to achieve maximum sensitivity is given. Chapter 7 discusses Off-Magic-Angle (OMA) methods for order parameter determination.
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In 1984, the first de novo protein structure in solution was solved using NMR in Kurt Wuethrich’s group. Resolved chemical shift is an essential prerequisite for structure determination. In solid state, observation of the isotropic chemical shift, however, is hindered by large anisotropic interactions such as dipole-dipole interactions and chemical shift anisotropy. High-resolution Solid-State NMR spectra were not possible until the invention of Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) in 1958. The first de n...
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