When automatic milking systems are used, cow traffic is of decisive importance because it exerts a significant influence on milking- and feeding behaviour. Most common forms are free and guided traffic. Both forms of cow traffic, however, have as cited in literature specific assets and drawbacks. The intention of this thesis was to analyse the existing forms of cow traffic and to compare them to a new form of traffic, all within dairy herds of customary size. "Selectively guided" cow traffic features peripheral gates which allow the cows to enter the feeding area depending on their milking status. The two surveyed farms were equipped with single box systems (Fullwood/Delaval). The first farm used passive gates, the second farm active gates for selectively guided cow traffic. The herd size added up to 48 alternatively 45 cows with a milk yield of 7000 or rather 8200 kg p.a.. After an adaption phase which lasted at least seven and twelve weeks respectively, trials were carried out for 12 and accordingly 10 days. Concerning the use of the milking box both farms showed comparable results. Free cow traffic had a lower milking frequency than the two forced types. Selectively guided and free cow traffic had regarding the number of additional visits the same level, which was significantly below forced traffic. Big differences were ascertained for the number of cows which needed to be fetched for milking. The investigation revealed that also the farm and guidelines as well as settings of the system show an influence. The fundamental differences between the forms of cow traffic did persist. Particulars given in literature concerning the topic, that in case of forced traffic cows visit the feeding area unfrequently and have a decreased feed intake, were confirmed to some extent. Even though the lowest number of feeding periods was found with guided cow traffic, the reduction in roughage intake was marginal, compared to free and selectively guided cow traffic. Most feeding periods were observed with free cow traffic, followed by selectively guided cow traffic. Here cows used the selection gates close to the milking less often than those in mid-barn and they favoured active gates over passive ones. Milk yield, lactation stage and lactation number affected the results. Cows in first and partially also in second lactation tended to visit the milking box more frequent and they had to be fetched less often. They also used the selection gates significantly more often than cows in third lactation or higher. The calculated dominance value (based on the feeding behaviour) had no, or only small influence on the averaged results. However, regarding the results in the course of the day clear interactions between the dominance value and the form of cow traffic were observed. The results show, that by using peripheral gates (selectively guided cow traffic) advantages of free and forced cow traffic can be combined and thus automatic milking can be improved. In addition, adjusting the peripheral gates even more towards the cows individual needs, there should be a potential for further optimisation. All in all this form of cow traffic represents a further step toward precision livestock farming.
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When automatic milking systems are used, cow traffic is of decisive importance because it exerts a significant influence on milking- and feeding behaviour. Most common forms are free and guided traffic. Both forms of cow traffic, however, have as cited in literature specific assets and drawbacks. The intention of this thesis was to analyse the existing forms of cow traffic and to compare them to a new form of traffic, all within dairy herds of customary size. "Selectively guided" cow traffic fea...
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