Effect of 2 years of calorie restriction on liver biomarkers: results from the CALERIE phase 2 randomized controlled trial

Dorling, James L.; Ravussin, Eric; Redman, Leanne M.; Bhapkar, Manju; Huffman, Kim M.; Racette, Susan B.; Das, Sai K.; Apolzan, John W.; Kraus, William E.; Höchsmann, Christoph; Martin, Corby K.

doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02361-7

Title:: Effect of 2 years of calorie restriction on liver biomarkers: results from the CALERIE phase 2 randomized controlled trial
Document type:: Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Author(s):: Dorling, James L.; Ravussin, Eric; Redman, Leanne M.; Bhapkar, Manju; Huffman, Kim M.; Racette, Susan B.; Das, Sai K.; Apolzan, John W.; Kraus, William E.; Höchsmann, Christoph; Martin, Corby K.
Abstract:: Purpose: Calorie restriction (CR) is an effective treatment for obesity-related liver and metabolic disease. However, CR studies in individuals without obesity are needed to see if CR could delay disease onset. Liver biomarkers indicate hepatic health and are linked to cardiometabolic disease. Our aim was to examine the effects of a 2-year CR intervention on liver biomarkers in healthy individuals without obesity. Methods: The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) study was a 2-year randomized controlled trial. Overall, 218 participants (body mass index: 25.1 ± 1.7 kg/m2) were enrolled into a control group (n = 75) that ate ad libitum (AL), or a CR group (n = 143) that aimed to decrease energy intake by 25%. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin were measured during the trial. Results: At month 24, relative to the AL group, ALP (- 7 ± 1 IU/L; P < 0.01) and GGT (- 0.11 ± 0.04 log IU/L; P = 0.02) decreased and bilirubin increased (0.21 ± 0.06 log mg/dL; P < 0.01) in the CR group; no between-group differences in ALT (- 1 ± 1 IU/L; P > 0.99) or AST (2 ± 2 IU/L; P = 0.68) were revealed. However, sex-by-treatment-by-time interactions (P < 0.01) were observed, with CR (vs. control) inducing reduced ALT and GGT and increased AST in men only (P ≤ 0.02). Conclusions: In metabolically healthy individuals without obesity, 2 years of CR improves several liver biomarkers, with potentially greater improvements in men. These data suggest that sustained CR may improve long-term liver and metabolic disease risk in healthy adults.
Journal title:: European Journal of Nutrition
Year:: 2020
Journal volume:: 60
Journal issue:: 3
Pages contribution:: 1633-1643
Fulltext / DOI:: doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02361-7
Pubmed ID:: http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32803412
Publisher:: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
E-ISSN:: 1436-62071436-6215
Impact Factor:: 4,865
Scimago Quartil:: Q1
Submitted:: 05.05.2020
Accepted:: 05.08.2020
Date of publication:: 14.08.2020
BibTeX