Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in humans. The presence of cytotoxic T cells within the tumor stroma is associated with a favorable prognosis, however, little is known about the underlying biology of T cell recruitment and activation by tumor cells. One potential therapeutic strategy for activation of anti-tumor immunity is to stimulate the antigen-presentation by tumor cells, marking these as potential targets for T cells. Using two mouse models of the Wnt-driven “classical pathway of colon tumorigenesis” we have identified a previously unrecognized pathway linking tumor cell metabolism and anti-tumor immunity. Experimental inhibition of the protein STAT3 in intestinal epithelial cells increases mitochondrial turnover by the autophagic-lysosomal pathway, which results in iron-accumulation in lysosomes, protease-rich organelles within the cells. Subsequently, lysosomes release proteases into the cytosol of the cells, which in turn triggers enhanced antigen-presentation. These antigens can be transferred onto Dendritic cells, cells of the immune system highly specialized in activating T cells, by a process termed cross-dressing. This results in enhanced activation of T cells against tumor cells, thus mitigating or abrogating tumorigenesis. In addition, we demonstrate the efficacy of pharmacological targeting of this pathway and we verified the negative correlation between STAT3 activation and presence of cytotoxic T cells in human patient specimen. Taken together, this work describes a previously unrecognized mechanism in anti-tumor-immunity and demonstrates its potential as a future therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.
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Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in humans. The presence of cytotoxic T cells within the tumor stroma is associated with a favorable prognosis, however, little is known about the underlying biology of T cell recruitment and activation by tumor cells. One potential therapeutic strategy for activation of anti-tumor immunity is to stimulate the antigen-presentation by tumor cells, marking these as potential targets for T cells. Using two mouse models of the Wnt...
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