How do human beings and animals make sense of the world? The central way is that a sensory system, consisting of peripheral sensory receptors, neural pathways, and sensory parts of central nervous system, is involved in sensing, processing and coding the sensory stimuli from the environment. In the mammalian brain, the cerebral cortex, located in the outer layer of cerebrum, contains specific areas being considered as higher terminals that receive and process sensory information, which are called sensory areas. In addition, the cerebellar cortex, a separate structure attached to the posterior part of the brain in mice and rats, also receives rich sensory inputs and probably integrates these inputs for the fine tuning of motor control or for providing information for motor learning. There are two fundamental questions for understanding the basic principle of sensory information processing in the brain: 1) how information signal flows in the neural circuits; 2) how the neurons in the sensory system organize synaptic inputs, especially at the input‐receiving side—dendrites. I attempted to work out these two questions by focusing on the investigations of two sensory systems, the cerebellar cortex and the primary sensory cortex in the living mouse brain, by using multiple experimental methods, including in vivo electrophysiology, two‐photon calcium imaging, local pharmacological manipulations, and behavioural tests. Altogether, 5 projects were completed during my thesis work: 1) Disruption of the olivo‐cerebellar circuit by Purkinje neuron‐specific ablation of BK channels; 2) Basket cell‐mediated regulation of sensory‐evoked signalling in the cerebellar cortical circuitry in vivo; 3) Dendritic organization of sensory input to cortical neurons in vivo; 4) In vivo two‐photon imaging of sensory‐evoked dendritic calcium signals in cortical neurons; 5) Functional mapping of single spines in cortical neurons in vivo. Based on the findings from these systematic studies and some previously‐established anatomical and physiological knowledge, we have achieved a number of full pictures in the mammalian brain for better understanding the basic principles sensory processing at both circuits level and single synapse level. In addition, we have also made some improvements and developments of techniques in electrophysiology, two‐photon calcium imaging, and acute pharmacological treatment. These allowed us and other researchers to perform functional studies in neural circuitry of the living mouse brain within the range of macro‐ to micro‐scale.
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How do human beings and animals make sense of the world? The central way is that a sensory system, consisting of peripheral sensory receptors, neural pathways, and sensory parts of central nervous system, is involved in sensing, processing and coding the sensory stimuli from the environment. In the mammalian brain, the cerebral cortex, located in the outer layer of cerebrum, contains specific areas being considered as higher terminals that receive and process sensory information, which are calle...
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