Climate neutrality by 2050 is the target set by the European Union. This project confronts energy-intensive sectors, particularly the steel and chemical industries, with the question of what corresponding transformation paths can be designed and implemented. In addition to direct electrification, hydrogen has emerged as a key technology. Its future demand can only be predicted with considerable, although the reliability of the forecasts often remains questionable. Although many study results are available, the basic fundamental assumptions vary considerably, and there may also be unreliable results.
This work uses scenario analysis to analyze the effects of increasing demand for hydrogen on the generation capacity of renewable generation, storage, and transmission capacities at the European level. Furthermore, the results are also analyzed at the federal level, particularly in the context of legal requirements (capacity and land consumption) and the grid development plan.
The linear optimization model urbs is used. An easy-to-implement methodology is developed to generate the necessary input data. This enables the forecast of hydrogen and electricity consumption at the country and sector level. The period under consideration extends from 2020 to 2050. The starting point is a comprehensive literature review presenting energy-intensive industries' relevant transformation paths. The results show that, with increased demand for hydrogen, the generation capacity of renewable energies increases sharply. In addition, storage and transmission capacities for hydrogen also increase. Battery storage is less relevant due to high costs. The results are significantly influenced by hydrogen production and the assumption of centralized cost optimization.
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Climate neutrality by 2050 is the target set by the European Union. This project confronts energy-intensive sectors, particularly the steel and chemical industries, with the question of what corresponding transformation paths can be designed and implemented. In addition to direct electrification, hydrogen has emerged as a key technology. Its future demand can only be predicted with considerable, although the reliability of the forecasts often remains questionable. Although many study results are...
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