In recent years, modal techniques have been successfully improved and are increasingly used for dealing with design of waveguide discontinuities and passive components [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], due to their efficiency and also because they provide rigorous and useful network representations. One distinguished characteristic of modal techniques is to separate the transverse field behavior from the longitudinal one; this decoupling makes it feasible to consider electromagnetic wave propagation inside a waveguide as a superposition of transmission lines (each pertaining to a mode) which couple only at discontinuities. Electromagnetic field representation inside a waveguide with finite cross-section, is therefore achieved by a discrete summation of the relevant waveguide modes.     «

In recent years, modal techniques have been successfully improved and are increasingly used for dealing with design of waveguide discontinuities and passive components [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], due to their efficiency and also because they provide rigorous and useful network representations. One distinguished characteristic of modal techniques is to separate the transverse field behavior from the longitudinal one; this decoupling makes it feasible to consider electromagnetic wave propagation in...     »