The representation of electromagnetic structures by lumped element circuits is revisited. Net- work models can be established by a subsequent ap- plication of system identification and circuit synthesis methods to data obtained by numerical simulation or from measurement. Network models provide a com- pact description of electromagnetic structures and can contribute significantly to the formulation of electro- magnetic field problems and their efficient solution. On the field level network methods are introduced by seg- mentation of the electromagnetic structures and appli- cation of the field form of Tellegen’s theorem. Methods for synthesis of lumped element models for lossless as well as lossy linear reciprocal multiports and for ra- diating structures are discussed. The state equation method as a general framework for lumped element network description is presented. Discrete time repre- sentations on the basis of Richards transformation and wave digital filter formulation are introduced.     «

The representation of electromagnetic structures by lumped element circuits is revisited. Net- work models can be established by a subsequent ap- plication of system identification and circuit synthesis methods to data obtained by numerical simulation or from measurement. Network models provide a com- pact description of electromagnetic structures and can contribute significantly to the formulation of electro- magnetic field problems and their efficient solution. On the field level netw...     »