We document an increasing capacity to resist temptation in a time consistent manner from children to teenagers. Competencies develop in two steps: From age 8 on many pupils naively plan and after age 12 successfully implement strategies toresist temptation. Our evidence comes from a food choice experiment that we conducted with comparable participant pools of elementary and high school pupils in 5 di fferent school years. We off er tangible choices in terms of apples and chocolate.On the first day pupils state their preference regarding tomorrows consumption and on the second day they pick one food item for immediate consumption. We fi nd that most of the 6 to 7 year olds consistently choose chocolate for future andimmediate consumption. With pupils age 8 to 12 we observe an increase of time inconsistent behavior - pupils naively planning to consume an apple tomorrow and then choosing chocolate for immediate consumption. From age 14 on a larger shareof pupils is sophisticated in the sense that they plan to and actually do consume an apple.     «

We document an increasing capacity to resist temptation in a time consistent manner from children to teenagers. Competencies develop in two steps: From age 8 on many pupils naively plan and after age 12 successfully implement strategies toresist temptation. Our evidence comes from a food choice experiment that we conducted with comparable participant pools of elementary and high school pupils in 5 di fferent school years. We off er tangible choices in terms of apples and chocolate.On the first d...     »