This dissertation addresses problems in quantum information theory through the lens of transcendental number theory and algebraic geometry, with a particular focus on distinguishing semialgebraic structures from transcendental ones. Specifically, it examines the nature of sets that are central to studying specific tasks in quantum information processing, such as level sets of entropic quantities and sets relevant to optimizing ground-state properties in quantum many-body systems. Furthermore, we analyze the implications of the transcendental nature of these sets and establish no-go results for several entropic quantities. This framework provides insights into when asymptotic settings, infinite resources, or transcendental methods are indispensable for quantum information processing tasks, and when single-letter formulas, finite resources, or algebraic techniques suffice.
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This dissertation addresses problems in quantum information theory through the lens of transcendental number theory and algebraic geometry, with a particular focus on distinguishing semialgebraic structures from transcendental ones. Specifically, it examines the nature of sets that are central to studying specific tasks in quantum information processing, such as level sets of entropic quantities and sets relevant to optimizing ground-state properties in quantum many-body systems. Furthermore, we...
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