Biomolecules can be manipulated efficiently by electric fields in various ways. This article gives a brief survey of the following methodologies: DC electrokinetic transport (electrophoresis and electroosmosis), AC dielectrophoretic transport, and the electrically induced modulation of the biomolecule conformation. Selected examples for applications will be described as based on these mechanisms, including molecule transport and separation, the dielectrophoretic trapping of molecules, and two schemes in biosensing involving “smart” (switchable) bio-surfaces and nanopore-patterned membranes.     «

Biomolecules can be manipulated efficiently by electric fields in various ways. This article gives a brief survey of the following methodologies: DC electrokinetic transport (electrophoresis and electroosmosis), AC dielectrophoretic transport, and the electrically induced modulation of the biomolecule conformation. Selected examples for applications will be described as based on these mechanisms, including molecule transport and separation, the dielectrophoretic trapping of molecules, and two sc...     »