In this study, a series of seven residual biomass feedstock was treated by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at temperatures of180 °C, 210 °C, 240 °C, and 270 °C and residence times of 0.5 h, 2 h, and 4 h. The processed samples were analyzed with focuson properties that are relevant for the combustion of a fuel. Temperature was found to have the highest impact on fuel properties.HTC has a positive effect on the energy density of the material, increasing lower heating values typically by 10–15% at 180 °Cand 47–59% at 270 °C. At the same time, mass yield was decreasing for increasing treatment temperature. The hydrothermaltreatment was found to have a profound impact on the inorganic composition of the fuels, lowering significantly the alkali metaland chlorine content while increasing silicon and phosphorous concentrations in the ash. These transformations lead to improve-ments in ash melting temperatures and in molar S/Cl ratio, an indicator commonly used to assess the risk of high-temperaturecorrosion in biomass combustion. HTC is also expected to have a positive impact on fine particle emissions upon combustion dueto lowered concentrations of elements responsible for aerosol formation after HTC treatment. On the other hand, HTC leads tohigher nitrogen contents in the fuel, thereby potentially increasing the risk for higher NOxemissions upon combustion of HTC-treated fuels. Overall, HTC clearly shows a positive effect on combustion properties, but the effects are fuel specific andespecially interesting for biogenic waste that originates from lignocellulosic material. Applying the criteria of this study, the fuelproperties of sewage sludge could not significantly be improved. For feedstock like this, the advantage of utilizing HTC astreatment lies in improved dewatering, storage, and feedstock logistics.     «

In this study, a series of seven residual biomass feedstock was treated by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at temperatures of180 °C, 210 °C, 240 °C, and 270 °C and residence times of 0.5 h, 2 h, and 4 h. The processed samples were analyzed with focuson properties that are relevant for the combustion of a fuel. Temperature was found to have the highest impact on fuel properties.HTC has a positive effect on the energy density of the material, increasing lower heating values typically by 10–15% at...     »