Approximately 25% of the aerodynamic drag of passenger vehicles is contributed by the wheels. Small features in the tire geometry and the contact area between tire and ground can induce flow separation. Thus, the wheel wake features complex flow phenomena. To understand the appearing flow phenomena, a correct geometry representation of the rotating tire in CFD is essential. The model has to cover the rotating tread, the deformation due to weight and centrifugal forces. Realistic detailed and/or deformed tires are investigated with OpenFOAM® employing a hybrid approach to study the influence of geometrical features on the flow field and coefficients.      «

Approximately 25% of the aerodynamic drag of passenger vehicles is contributed by the wheels. Small features in the tire geometry and the contact area between tire and ground can induce flow separation. Thus, the wheel wake features complex flow phenomena. To understand the appearing flow phenomena, a correct geometry representation of the rotating tire in CFD is essential. The model has to cover the rotating tread, the deformation due to weight and centrifugal forces. Realistic detailed and/or...     »