The motility system of Halobacterium salinarum, a halophilic extremophile archaeon, comprises archaeal flagella and gas vesicles. In this work, approaches are laid out to gain novel structural insights into both components via cryo electron tomography. Sample optimization and technological advances in transmission electron microscopy enable in-situ intracellular imaging of halobacteria for the first time; the molecular structure of gas vesicles is made accessible through subtomogram analysis.